The aim

of this in vitro study was to develop a method of quantitatively assessing trabecular bone structure by applying three-dimensional image processing to data acquired with multi-slice and cone-beam computed tomography using micro-computed tomography as a reference.

Fifteen bone samples from the radius were examined. Elacridar mouse After segmentation, quantitative measures of bone volume, trabecular thickness, trabecular separation, trabecular number, trabecular nodes, and trabecular termini were obtained.

The clinical machines overestimated bone volume and trabecular thickness and underestimated trabecular nodes and number, but cone-beam CT to a lesser extent. Parameters obtained from cone beam CT were strongly correlated with mu CT, with correlation coefficients between 0.93 and 0.98 for all parameters except trabecular termini.

The high correlation between cone-beam CT and micro-CT suggest the possibility of quantifying and monitoring changes of trabecular bone microarchitecture in vivo using cone beam CT.”
“Obesity interventions that involve family members may be effective with racial/ethnic minority youth. This review assessed the nature and effectiveness of family involvement in obesity interventions among AfricanAmerican

girls aged 518 years, a population group with high rates of obesity. Twenty-six databases were searched between January 2011 and March KPT-8602 2012, yielding 27 obesity pilot or full-length prevention or treatment studies with some degree of family involvement LY333531 price and data specific to AfricanAmerican girls. Interventions varied in type and level of family involvement, cultural adaptation, delivery format and behaviour change intervention strategies; most targeted parentchild dyads. Some similarities in approach based on family involvement were identified. The use of theoretical perspectives specific to AfricanAmerican family dynamics was absent. Across all studies, effects on weight-related behaviours were generally promising but often non-significant. Similar conclusions were drawn for

weight-related outcomes among the full-length randomized controlled trials. Many strategies appeared promising on face value, but available data did not permit inferences about whether or how best to involve family members in obesity prevention and treatment interventions with AfricanAmerican girls. Study designs that directly compare different types and levels of family involvement and incorporate relevant theoretical elements may be an important next step.”
“BACKGROUND: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) encompasses a heterogeneous population of lipoproteins with differences in functionality. The impact of HDL heterogeneity on its ability to support HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux has not been previously studied in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

OBJECTIVES: To examine the relationships between various HDL subtypes and cholesterol efflux from macrophages in patients with T2DM.