We claim for heterogeneous catalysis on the surface of nano-particles of silicates which are condensing everywhere in the spreading cloud. Impacts of planetesimals provided important processing of the early Earth by producing early impact-generated atmosphere and hydrosphere selleck chemicals coupled with the input of nonequilibrium environmental components and synthesis of organic species of various complexities from initially inorganic/organic source elements. Acknowledgements This research was supported by the RAS Program of Basic Research (P-18) and RFBR grant No 07-05-01054.

Gerasimov M.V., et al. (1998) Physics and Chemistry of Impacts. Earth, Moon, and Planets, 80(1–3):209–259. Gerasimov M.V. (2002) Toxins produced by meteorite impacts and their possible role in a biotic mass extinction. In: Koeberl, C., and MacLeod, K.G., editors, Catastrophic Events and Mass Extinctions: Impacts and Beyond, Boulder, Colorado, Geological Society of America Special Paper 356:705–716. Mukhin, L. M. et al. (1989) Origin of precursors of organic molecules during evaporation of meteorites and mafic terrestrial rocks, Nature, 340:46–48. E-mail: mgerasim@mx.​iki.​rssi.​ru Prebiotic Synthesis in Cosmic Environment: In-flight

Survival and Formation During Short- and Long-Term Low-Earth Orbiting Natalia Gontareva, Evgenia Kuzicheva Laboratory of exobiology, Institute of cytology Abiogenesis—the emergence of life from nonliving physicochemical systems—forms the core of the evolutionary paradigm. Multiple flights at the low earth orbit, the latest results obtained by space missions and Selleckchem NSC23766 laboratory experiments have yielded a new data about structure and composition of cosmic bodies and extraterrestrial environment. All these latest achievements contributed to the belief in possibility of organic compounds synthesis in the outer space environment. Yet the hypothesis of the life origin under strictly natural conditions, Masitinib (AB1010) especially through Selleckchem PU-H71 interstellar or interplanetary

transport, needs more convincing facts as well as the precise analyzing of the data obtained. Experiments conducted on five different Earth-orbiting Russian space missions revealed that cosmic radiation in space both enhanced biochemical synthesis and decayed the biological molecules (nucleosides and peptides) placed on the spacecraft. With long flight durations the degradation reactions always exceeded the synthesis reactions (Kuzicehva and Gontareva 2001). Meanwhile, short-term space flights such as Bion and Foton missions revealed completely opposite situation, when synthesis prevails over decay (Kuzicheva and Simakov 1999). Diverse database from the last decade will be summarized in respect with chemical evolution processes and future space missions planning. Information gained from the spacecrafts during the scientifically planned experiments concerns not only biochemical data.