No genes for the nitric oxide reductase activation protein Nor D or for NorE, a possible additional subunit in some bacteria ( Zumft, 2005), were identified. A putative NorD gene has been annotated in the B. alba genome (BegalDRAFT_2688), but as no other Nor Selleckchem MI-773 subunit genes could be found there, the protein may have some other function. No nitrous oxide reductase gene was identified by any of the automated annotation programs used, nor could one be identified by BLASTX searches of the BOGUAY genome with known and putative nitrous oxide reductase genes from a variety of bacterial and archaeal species. If this activity is present, it is likely

carried out by a novel enzyme. The BOGUAY genome includes a possible hybrid cluster protein (Hcp) gene (00322_3118). Hybrid cluster proteins (formerly prismane) are oxidoreductases with an 4Fe–4S and a 4Fe–2S–O cluster that can catalyze reduction of nitric oxide to nitrous oxide, hydroxylamine PD0325901 ic50 to ammonia, and/or hydrogen peroxide to water in a variety of bacterial (and other) species, in what are generally considered detoxification reactions (reviewed in Boutrin et al. (2012)). Genes encoding three possible NADH dehydrogenase subunits (00322_3116,

nuoB; 3117, nuoC; 3119, nuoD; MacGregor et al., 2013b) flank the Hcp gene. NuoBCD are three of the four components of the FeS subunit, and their putative genes are found in two non-identical copies in the BOGUAY genome (see Section 3.4.2

and Table S7); a putative gene for the fourth, NuoI, is in a Nuo gene cluster on a separate contig. In not E. coli Hcp protein interacts with NADH oxidoreductase Hcr ( van den Berg et al., 2000), encoded by the same operon, but searches in IMG/ER revealed no other examples of a related Hcp gene near or within a Nuo gene cluster (as of May 2013); its gene neighborhoods appear quite variable. Hcp genes are thought to have undergone extensive lateral transfer, including from bacteria to protists ( Andersson et al., 2006), so this is not unexpected. The possible role of this protein in orange Guaymas Beggiatoaceae remains completely speculative. The relatively complete single-filament genome of the coastal Beggiatoa (Cand. Isobeggiatoa) sp. PS ( Mußmann et al., 2007; here “BgP”) has putative copies of most of the nitrogen respiration and related genes identified in the BOGUAY genome (Table S2), while a freshwater species (B. alba B18LD Markowitz et al., 2009; draft genome available in IMG/ER) does not. Unlike the Guaymas strain, however, BgP also possesses an ORF (BgP_1272) encoding a putative protein with high similarity to known and predicted NO-forming nitrite reductases of the NirS type (not shown). The B.