Thermal dependence of the exchange stiffness constant is obtained from the measurement of specific magnetization and coercivity as a function of crystalline fraction and temperature for the three studied alloys. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3125515]“
“Various culture conditions for the production of fermented whey presenting bifidogenic growth stimulator (BGS) activity were evaluated using Leuconostoc mesenteroides CJNU 0147 and Lactobacillus casei CJNU 0588. The BGS activity of fermented whey produced with mixed culture of Leu. mesenteroides CJNU 0147 and L. casei CJNU 0588

was higher than those of single cultures. The optimal Captisol clinical trial temperature for the production of the fermented whey was 20 degrees C. The anaerobic culture conditions via nitrogen gas supply had no influence on the BGS activity of fermented whey. The BGS activity of the heat-treated fermented whey samples was slightly decreased by 7.63, 11.66, and 15.12% at 80, 100, and 121 degrees C, respectively for 15 min. EPZ004777 molecular weight Pilot-scale (75 L) fermented whey was produced using the 2 freeze-dried cell powders of CJNU 0147 and CJNU 0588 and spray-dried. The spray-dried fermented whey presented BGS activity, indicating it can be used as a functional food material.”
“Inhibitory activity of the three major triterpenes from the stems of Cynomorium songaricum-ursolic acid, acetyl ursolic acid, and malonyl ursolic

acid hemiester-and their related compounds were tested for their inhibitory activity on HCV protease; malonyl ursolic acid hemiester was the most potent. A HPLC-PAD (photo diode array detector)-MS method was established to quantify the contents of each triterpene in C. songaricum. Using this method, the effect heating had on the contents was also investigated. It was found that among the three triterpenes, the content of malonyl ursolic acid hemiester decreased most quickly during the heating process.”
“BACKGROUND5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has attracted increasing

attention so that an PD98059 efficient process for HMF production from high-sugar solution is needed for the successful commercialization of this versatile intermediate in the production of high value chemicals.

RESULTSTwo simple operations, mechanical stirring control and high-fructose solution addition, were applied to the water/butanol system for enhancing fructose-to-HMF reaction using HCl as catalyst. The optimization of stirring speed led to a high HMF yield of 81.7% with 92.0% fructose conversion (0.3 moL L-1 HCl, 1000 rpm). Moreover, a reasonable mechanism describing the effect of stirring speed on HMF yield was proposed. During the process of high-fructose solution (54.6 wt%) addition, the yields of HMF after four additions in every experiment all exceeded 55%, and a HMF yield of 83.3% was achieved after three additions at 1000 rpm.

CONCLUSIONSThe optimization of mechanical stirring in aqueous/butanol media led to a high HMF yield.